Lammi 2025: Long Covid-19 GWAS Mixed Ancestry

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Publication

Genome-wide association study of long COVID.
Lammi V, Nakanishi T, Jones SE, et al.
Nature Genetics. 2025 May 21. doi: 10.1038/s41588-025-02100-w.
PMID: 40399555

Phenotypes

• Long COVID-19 (Cases: test-verified SARS-CoV-2 infection; Control: whole population)
• Long COVID-19 (Cases: test-verified, self-reported, or clinician-diagnosed; Control: whole population)
• Long COVID-19 (Cases: test-verified SARS-CoV-2 infection; Control: recovered from SARS-CoV-2 infection without long COVID)
• Long COVID-19 (Cases: test-verified, self-reported, or clinician-diagnosed; Control: recovered from SARS-CoV-2 infection without long COVID)

Experiment summary

This mixed ancestry GWAS included up to 6,450 long COVID cases and 1,093,995 controls.